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Cervical Cancer
- Cervical cancer develops in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus connecting to the vagina.
- It is primarily caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV).
- Regular screenings, such as Pap smears, have significantly contributed to early detection and successful treatment.
Causes
- HPV Infection: Certain high-risk strains of HPV, particularly types 16 and 18.
- Smoking: Tobacco use increases the risk of cervical cancer.
- Weakened Immune System: Conditions or medications that compromise the immune system.
- Long-Term Use of Oral Contraceptives: Prolonged use may be associated with an increased risk.
- Multiple Pregnancies: Having many full-term pregnancies may elevate susceptibility.
Signs & Symptoms
- Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Between periods, after sex, or postmenopausal bleeding.
- Pelvic Pain: Discomfort or pain during intercourse or other activities.
- Unusual Vaginal Discharge: Especially if it’s bloody or has a foul odor.
- Painful Urination: If the cancer has spread to nearby tissues.
- Weight Loss: Unexplained weight loss in advanced stages.
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Dr. Mahesh Bandamegal